Tuesday, March 26, 2019

Originality & Creativity

Originality and Creativity

Here is the link to our final documentary, with timestamps at the bottom explaining my creative and technical decisions.


0:01- we decided to use crackling music in the background as a classy way to indicate decay, and set the overall mood of the video. 

0:15- for our title sequence, we used pictures of rotting food as an indication of our topic of food waste. I also told the editor to choose a calligraphy font style because I thought it would add a nice touch to the title sequence and the elegance of it would contrast the pictures in the background.

0:25 - 0:38 - we decided to start the video by putting in the responses of our public opinion survey to the question of "how much do you know about food waste?" This is because we noticed that the answers were all similar and so it provided good insight into why such a documentary is necessary in order to raise awareness of the issue of food waste. I personally think that this was effective because not only was it filmed with good camera angles and clear audio, it also keeps the audience hooked at the beginning.

0:40- we decided to use this background music throughout the whole documentary because it's uplifting yet does not invoke any emotions. This is so that the audience can stay focused on the voiceovers and not get distracted by exciting background music. This style of music is also similar to the type of music usually heard in video essays and so it fits the genre of a documentary.

0:44- for our B-roll footage, we sourced videos of supermarkets and grocery stores online- typical places where food is often wasted and something that is often referenced in my voiceover explanation. This is because it will help keep the audience engaged and provide visual links to what the voiceover is trying to explain.

1:05 - 1:22 - voiceover explanation of the causes of the food waste issue begins. For my voiceover, I recorded it in a more natural state and imagined that I was having a conversation with someone. I did not want to invoke a mood that I was announcing something, but rather simply talking to the audience about the issue at hand. I think that this voiceover could have been improved if I used a pop filter to reduce plosive sounds that can often be heard in this particular recording.

1:24 - 1:37 - further responses during our public opinion survey about how much they know about food waste. We grouped these answers together because we saw a link between them, and it provided a good introduction to the next section about the video on the significance of food waste.

1:38 - 2:24 - voiceover explanation of the significance of food waste globally and locally, accompanied by an information sequence. I think the information sequence was particularly effective as it was created so that the timing would fit the voiceover exactly. Not only did the animations convey the most important facts in a concise manner, but it was also visually appealing, therefore keeping the audience engaged. Personally, I am particularly happy with the pie chart at 2:02, because it provided the most visual aid in the simplest way possible.

2:25 - 2:58 - voiceover explanation of the consequences of the issue supplemented with another information sequence. Again, the graphics were made according to the information in the voiceover and timed excellently so that whilst the audience was listening to my factual voiceover, their eyes could follow along with the visual aids. Therefore, the audience could better understand the information being presented to them and still be engrossed in the video itself.

3:01 - 3:25 - voiceover explanation of the solutions towards the issue of food waste, with relevant B-roll footage supporting it. In this part, we again used videos of supermarkets and sourced relevant footage off the internet that our production technician could not get. For example from 3:15 to 3:20, we found a short clip of someone storing food correctly as explained in the voiceover in order to provide the best visual aid possible.

3:26 - 3:49 - a quick introduction to the direct service our group did in the form of bokashi composting with video footage of our group members doing the bokashi itself. I think the B-roll footage here is particularly effective as you can properly see us completing one of the solutions proposed in the voiceover. Not only did we use footage that demonstrated individual steps of the simple process, but also gives the audience a sense of how simple taking action actually is.

3:50 - 4:38 - following the voiceover explanation of possible solutions, we wanted to then include testimonies from our public opinion survey about what people actually do to reduce food waste. Even though the audio is sometimes a bit too loud at times because of microphone issues (such as at 3:55), I think the testimonies were overall very effective as it gave some legitimacy to what the video was trying to propose.

4:39 - 4:57 - a closing sequence to the video with an ending voiceover that provides a short conclusion and sums up the video in two simple sentences. Again, we used B-roll footage of supermarkets, some of which is sourced from the internet and some of which is filmed by our production technician. 

Monday, March 25, 2019

Draft Video

Reflection and Evaluation of Draft Video


Here is the link to our two versions of the draft video because we had two editors.

Version 1:

Version 2:


In the end, based on a group consensus and our teacher's opinion, we decided to use version 1 because it overall had better use of B-roll footage and was more sophisticated. 

Even though I reviewed the video with the editor before the deadline, we received feedback from our teachers outlining a few strengths and weaknesses that it had. 

Strengths:
- Had all the required elements
- The information sequence fit really well with the voiceover and was well-made
- The filming and camera work for the public opinion surveys was done well
- Interesting opening sequence
- Voiceover was clear

Weaknesses:
- Crackling music in the opening doesn't fit well
- The sound was sometimes too loud in the public opinion surveys- needs to be moderated
- Background music was sometimes too loud in the voiceovers
- Include an extra bit outlining the direct service bokashi we did
- B-roll footage was mostly sourced from the internet

Therefore, we took these points for improvement and worked on changing these couple of bits for the final edit of the documentary.

Saturday, March 9, 2019

Voiceover

Recording a Voiceover

Before actually recording the voiceover, I watched two videos and made some notes about it.

Creating a warm and natural voiceover:
- Imagine you are talking to someone, treat it like a conversation
- Avoid speaking like you are announcing something
- Put pauses in between to make it sound more natural

Creating the correct environment:
- Use a good microphone
- Capture your voice in a place with minimal background noise, like a separate isolated space
- If you can't work in an isolated area, then adjust your workspace such as using heavy curtains and putting your laptop behind the microphone so it won't pick up the noises from your laptop
- Place a soft material on the tabletop to reduce reflections
- Position yourself in a set distance away from the microphone so that your voice will sound natural
- Use a pop filter to reduce plosive sounds

I then practised my script and read through it a couple times to make sure I can pronounciate and enunciate my words properly.

Here are some screenshots of my script:




Friday, February 22, 2019

Script Planning

Script Planning

Before I developed my script, I looked into the narrative structure and how a documentary should be structured in order to effectively convey the message. 

These are some of my notes after looking at the resources provided:
Video
- Act 1, the set-up and contains the inciting incident 
- Act 2, the longest act of the film and contains the conflict
- Act 3, the shortest act and contains the suspenseful climax
- Denouement, the ending

Presentation
- The Tease- introduces main characters, establishes a setting, presents a question
- The Body- the main plot, action unfolds, get to know the characters, makes up 80% of the documentary
- The Conclusion- wrapping up, recaps the story and ends it by answering whatever presented in the tease
- Video Technique- establishing shots should provide context, head and shoulder shots for interviews, zoom in to force the viewer to focus on something, shoot the same thing from various angles for additional editing options
- Script Narration- can be 3rd person, self-injected, character narrator or no narration at all, tone of narration should remain the same, avoid descriptive language
- Scripting Technique- uses narrator and character voice
- Editing Technique- pacing of edits affect the tone, A-roll is melody whilst B-roll is harmony, use transitions

Afterwards, I carried out the hexagonal planning task. This involved writing one thing about the topic that I want to include in the documentary onto a hexagon and then linking the hexagons up.



This task allowed me to brainstorm ideas for the key content I wanted in the documentary. From this, I used these ideas and compiled the documentary story structure. This is my group's draft story structure:


For my final script, I extended the draft story structure into a table with 5 different columns: time, narrative, shots, sound, editing. For each column, I described what I wanted in detail in terms of the camera work, sound and editing. 

Here are some screenshots:




Meeting with the Information Designer

Information Designer Meeting

In order for my information designer to know which parts of our secondary research should be made into visual outcomes, I held a meeting with him to discuss our plans. 

Firstly, prior to the meeting, I identified 2-4 pieces of information from our group's secondary research that can be turned into something graphical and visual. I had these in mind during the meeting.

During the meeting, I showed him the statistics I identified and talked to him about the ways we could present these visually. We discussed whether or not we should be including other sorts of facts too and finalised our ideas.

After the meeting, I sent him a list of our chosen statistics which included statistics on how much food we waste on a global scale, a comparison of the amount of food wasted in HK and other countries, as well as the composition of Hong Kong's municipal solid waste. These are the chosen ones because not only are they valuable towards the documentary but also because they can easily be presented in a visual form through pie charts or graphs.

However, when I started to write the script for the voiceover for the video, I realised that I needed some other bits of information for the information designer to present visually. I conveyed these over to him after the meeting and also created a document for him to refer back to make sure everything we discussed in the meeting was clear.

This was what the document looked like and it clearly outlined what infographics I was hoping he could achieve. Each row was for a different section in the voiceover and I also gave him brief timings so that the voiceover and the infographics would match up.



Sunday, February 17, 2019

Planning Interviews

Planning Interview Questions

Before planning my questions for the interview and to ask the public, I learnt about how to direct an interview through a video. 

Here are some of my notes:
- Brief your interviewee to make sure they know the topic beforehand
- Treat the interview like a conversation
- Get your talent to speak naturally by speaking to you instead of the camera
- Don't ask leading questions but ask open-ended questions
- Write out a question list but don't blatantly follow it
- Interviewer should respond to the answers of the interviewee through verbal and non-verbal feedback
- Wait for the subject to finish before asking the next question

Next, I brainstormed a list of questions I could possibly ask in the interview and identified which one is open-ended or close-ended. Then I rewrote the close-ended questions into open-ended ones and narrowed down a couple of final questions to be used in the interview.

Filming Day Planning

Planning for Interviews

Prior to planning for the filming day, I learnt about how to conduct an interview and some dos and don'ts.

Good Interview:
- Listen to the person you are interviewing
- Ask follow-up questions so that you can explore interesting topics
- Ask open-ended questions
- Ask relevant questions, research about the area beforehand
- Make the person comfortable
- Have warm and welcoming body language
- Take notes, with a notebook

Bad Interview:
- Ask close-ended questions
- Follow a laundry list of questions
- Not listen to your interviewee
- Speak really quickly
- Ask tough or intrusive questions
- Mispronounce the person’s name

Then we put these newly learnt skills into use by role-playing an interview.
I pretended to be a manager of a cafe and was interviewed about how we donate our leftover food to Feeding Hong Kong

Filming Day Planning Document


Time
Interviewee and Location
Useful B-Roll Shots to be taken
Questions to be asked of interviewee
Technical Issues and Actions to take
11 am
Paul Melsom
Classroom or 1st Floor Balcony
Plants in the first floor balcony
People eating food during lunch
Chartwells
Bokashi bins at the back of the school
  • Can you briefly describe your work and your role in Island School?
  • How serious do you think the problem of food waste is?
  • What would you suggest others to do in order to decrease food waste at home and at school?
  • How can schools in Hong Kong develop their waste collection systems?
Issue: A lot of background noise
Action: Record with a microphone or record audio separately

Issue: Shaky camera
Action: Use a tripod

Issue: Interviewee having trouble looking at the camera
Action: Have an interviewer in the shot too so the interviewee can look at the interviewer, so that it will be more natural
Afterschool (Monday)
Community members
Hong Kong- Festival Walk

Three adults
The scenery around Hong Kong
Action shots of people at the park
Introduce ourselves: we are a group from Island School researching about food waste in HK, are you willing to be filmed?

  • How much do you know about food waste in Hong Kong?
  • What do you do to reduce the food waste you produce?
Issue: Background noise
Action: Record with a microphone or record audio separately

Issue: Shaky camera
Action: Use a tripod

Issue: Interviewee having trouble answering in detail to our questions
Action: Prompt them